Compression and support therapy is extremely useful in assisting with circulation. For example, when the body is stationary for extended periods, the calf muscle is not activated. The calf muscle acts as a pump (like the heart) in the leg to force full circulation. When circulation is reduced through relaxation of the calf muscle, one way valves in the leg veins are compromised leading to increased pressure in leg tissues. Compression stockings assist the body’s natural venous return system by acting as a layer of muscle and maintaining valve effectiveness.
Medical compression stockings, sleeves, and gloves are custom fitted garments which are prescribed by a physician. There are some contraindications which would influence the amount of compression recommended. This must be assessed by a doctor through an ABI test. (Medical compression ranges from 20 – 60 mmHg) They are recommended for people who have an existing condition such as:
- Lymphedema
- DVT (blood clot)
- Post-vein stripping
- Post traumatic or fracture edema
- Venous stasis ulcers
- Post-Thrombotic Syndrome
- Have had surgery or trauma
Support stockings are vital in the prevention of varicose veins, spider veins and swelling and can be purchased over the counter. (Support compression ranges from 15 – 20 mmHg) People who are recommended to use support therapy are those who:
- stand for long periods
- sit for long periods
- frequently lift heavy items
- have a hereditary predisposition to venous insufficiency
- are pregnant
- are smokers (compromised venous system)
When to consider Compression / Support Therapy
If you are suffering from any of the following signs and symptoms, compression or support therapy may benefit you:
- Legs feel heavy, tired, achy, cramped or tight (may be early signs of venous insufficiency)
- Swollen ankles
- Spider veins; varicose veins (ropy, gnarly-type veins)
- Discoloration of the skin
How to Use Compression Garments
Compression garments should be applied upon waking. When a patient initially begins wearing compression garments, they may not feel comfortable wearing them for the full day. In this case, the patient may remove the garment later in the day, gradually increasing the wearing time until evening. It is vital that patients always apply the garment in the morning and work toward evening as swelling is least in the morning.
For more information, visit Sigvaris.ca.